Ironies of Emancipation Essay

The article â€Å"Ironies of Emancipation: Changing Configurations of Women’s Work in the ‘Mission of Sisterhood’ to Indian Women† by Jane Haggis is an article that was written from a feminist perspective to ask specific questions about how the influence of the mission of sisterhood either helped or hurt Indian women in the 1800’s. The author takes the position that Indian women were confined to marriages more acutely because of the presence of female missionaries in India. The author points out that the female missionaries became almost a â€Å"symbol of emancipation in terms of British imperial feminism† and for this reason alone, the Indian population was unhappy with the way the females presented themselves and did not change (Haggis123). The missionary work, in of itself, was â€Å"women’s work† and was a way in which the British women were able to exert their own independence while doing the will of God. This article focuses a great deal on how the religion of the time affected the way in which British and Indian women communicated and interacted with each other and was a reason for the outcome, either the failure or the accomplishments, of the Mission of Sisterhood. The author describes how these women were expected to carry out their â€Å"women’s work† despite the domestic duties that were expected of a Victorian wife and mother, mostly because in Travencore women had a different role in terms of motherhood because their children were often sent away to school to get a proper British education. This left them able to pursue other duties, such as their mission to the Indian women (Haggis 119). This article makes a lot of good points about how British women were involved in missionary work in India in Victorian times and explains their role in their society, both at home and abroad. It’s interesting to note that the Indian women were perhaps kept back because of the influence of these women on their culture, instead of being converted. Work Cited Haggis, Jane. â€Å"Ironies of Emancipation: Changing Configurations of ‘Women’s Work’ in the ‘Mission of Sisterhood’ to Indian Women. † Feminist Review 65 (2000): 108-126. JSTOR. 5 Feb. 2007.

Policy issues affecting the police Essay

Just like any other department in the government, the police force is largely influenced by the policy issues that the government adopts. Be it new laws or strategies, they have to adjust their operations so as to fit what the policies dictate. The duty of the police is to maintain law and order and in doing this they have to incorporate policies set by the government. As it will be shown in this paper, these policy issues may affect the activities of the police force such that they may have to completely change their modes of operations to fit the government’s requirements. Many policies concerning police conduct, human rights and police duties are have been put forward in many forums and conferences addressing national security. Analysis Unlike in the past where the police had an absolute power, a police officer nowadays may find himself or herself being sued for violation of human rights such as police manhandling or assault (Freund, 2006; Meadows, 2000). There are several policies that have been put forward following revision of several laws which affect the police directly. Policy issues on human rights requiring specific procedures of arrest and handling of suspects have been made. The fourth amendment has limited police power especially with the private law that protects citizens from unwarranted searches and seizures. This means that before a police officer can search or seize private property, there must be a warrant which is given when the need to search premises is of great importance to protect security. Individual liberty and human rights protects citizens from false detention. The fourth amendment comes as a civil liability to the police officers which limits their activities since they have to pay attention to avoid breaking the law (Freund, 2006). This has affected the police in that it has limited their ability to obtain as much information as possible concerning a crime. Some officers have also found themselves in court over what can be referred to as assault during arrest. Perhaps one of the most current policy issues that has affected the police is the government’s anti-terrorism policy. A strong policy especially after the 9-11 attacks on the U. S brought out the importance of the need to heighten security to prevent such attacks from happening in future. The government aims at keeping the possibility of any terrorist attack which must involve the police (Pleck, 2004). The involvement of the police force in the war against terrorism has led to the need for more training on the police officers on incident management and terrorism intelligence. As the government noted, the police force was not well equipped to handle such severe incidents hence the need for training on incident management. Again, there the need to develop intelligence skills to counter any form of threats calls for proper training of the police. In order to ensure that the needs of this policy are met, the government has introduced special training schedules for the police which they have to attend to keep updating them on better skills and intelligence on avoiding terrorism attacks as well as how on how to deal with terrorism incidents if by any chance they occur (Pleck, 2004). Community policing is a policy issue that has come up as a result of the need for the community to take part in their own security through reporting any suspicious act to the police. This is because the community is at the best position to identify those that live among them (Palmiotto, 2000). The government requires that the police officers work hand in hand with the community so as to curb crime activities in the society. The effect of this on the police is that there has been need for training to help them be able to deal with the community and aid in identifying between potential danger and normal happenings (Palmiotto, 2000). The police have also been given the extra duty of training and educating members of the public on how to identify potential threats within the community and how they can deal with them in conjunction with the police. The community policing mostly focuses on vulnerable groups such as children and women who are likely to be victims of violence. Policy issues concerning rape have been put forward which has necessitated for trained specialists to handle rape calls as well as interaction between the police and medical practitioners to help in solving such cases (Palmiotto, 2000). The government advocates for advancement in technology for sustainable developments. As a matter of national security, there has been the rising need for the police to upgrade their technology so as to meet the ever increasing crime rates. Technology has been used by criminals to steal from numerous citizens and this has raised an issue of concern. Cyber crimes, phishing and identity theft have been on the rise. The problem with these kinds of crimes is that catching the perpetrators can be quite hard due to the advancement in technology that is used to conduct the crimes. Keeping up with these developments poses a challenge to the police who have to come up with more advanced methods to locate cyber thieves, hackers and identity thieves. More often than not, the police are subject to the laws of prosecution and provision for justice. Policies on the procedures of prosecution highly affect the police. For example, the police are bound by law to only file a prosecution when there is substantial evidence for the occurrence of the crime. Different policies exist for different kind of prosecutions. The juvenile justice for example has undergone many changes and new policies have come up following proceedings from various cases. Juveniles have a wide range of rights and detention of a juvenile can only be under serious suspicions of delinquency. Proof that is beyond reasonable doubt must also be established to ensure that the juvenile offender poses a threat to the community (Rick, 2003). Policies on juveniles also require that they be put under preventive detention according to the standards set by the law (Rick, 2003). This differentiates juvenile offenders from adult ones. The police therefore should pay attention to such details so as to be on the safe side of the law. It is also part of their duties to act according to the laws. Conclusion It is evident that the police’s activities are highly influenced by policy issues. The government which also determines the rules of a country constantly comes up with policies for national development. These policies may alter a department’s activities or increase its responsibilities depending on how the policy issue is to be tackled. It must also be noted that apart from government policies, each police department has its own policies which guide the officers (Miller, 1997). These include the code of ethics that must be followed by the respective officers. Rules on duties rosters, dress code and punishment for police misconduct within the department are strictly followed. Breaking of these laws may result in serious circumstances and hence the police officers must follow them to the letter. Word Count: 1179 References Freund, E. (2006). The Police Power, Public Policy and Constitutional Rights. New York: Callaghan & Company. Meadows, R. J. (2000). A Study of Police Misconduct and Litigation: Findings and Implications. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. 41(2), 77-92. Miller, S. et al. (1997). Police ethics. London: Allen & Unwin, 1997. Palmiotto, M. (2000). Community policing: a policing strategy for the 21st century. New York: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Pleck, E. (2004). Police in the fight against terrorism. American Journal of Police, 25(1), 38- 45. Rick, A. (2003). Juvenile Justice. New York: Odhams Press.

Mae West and Amelia Earhart Roaring 20’s

The Roaring 20’s Mae West Mae West stood as an idol to many female and male persons during the 1910-1960’s. West once said, â€Å"Love isn't an emotion or an instinct–it's an art. † This quote shines a perfect light on her profession and practically summarizes her beliefs. Mae West started out in New York as a vaudeville performer and eventually moved her talents to the big screen in Hollywood. The Roaring 20’s couldn’t have been a better time for West to express herself as she was not bound or expected to be any specific female image.She wrote several plays, staring herself, containing mostly sexual themes. Most of her works required quite a bit of censoring in order to be acceptable to the public. West, taking pride in her dancing and teasing, became wildly popular and respected as an individual woman. Amelia Earhart Amelia Earhart took a plane ride in 1920 that would determine her path and change her life, forever. Ten minutes in a plane a nd after landing Earhart knew she had to learn to fly. Taking jobs as they came, Amelia gained enough money to buy her way through flight school.After just two years, Earhart set records for female pilots, flying at altitude of 14,000 feet. Modeling a short haircut and a leather bomber jacket, Earhart bought a bright yellow biplane naming it, â€Å"the canary. † In 1928, she was the first woman on a transatlantic flight. Amelia’s love for adventure and desire to stand out as an individual drove her to the first female solo flight across the Atlantic. Still determined, she planned to go all around the world above the equator. In 1937, because of difficulties on the plane, Amelia Earhart disappeared, lost forever to the thing she loved most, flying.

Ergonomics Society Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Ergonomics Society - Case Study Example It involves mental activity such as memorizing, motor response, reason and perception among others. Mental capacity requirements are determined by the kind of work a person is involved in. use of mental capacity, however, involves somebody coordination systems more than others. For example, Maria in lock assembly uses motor response and memorizing more than any other mental activity. Other factors are concerned with the overall policy and organization of the firms where a worker engages in productive activities. They involve such aspects a teamwork and communication. They are especially focused on creating a good working environment. These aspects lead firms to engage itself in societal events that aid in public image creation. They appeal to quality improvement and boosting workers morale (Taylor and Francis 1967). Maria’s lock assembling process engages both her physical self, her mental and psychological persona. Her physical capacity is involved in putting together the pie ces of metallic items in question such as pins. For Maria, it is important that she remembers where each one of her working material falls in the lock design. Her mental capacity is useful for such knowledge while it develops coordination in the sequence of assembling activity. Maria combines certain pins in a uniquely permuted manner for every key to unlock a certain padlock. The process involves Maria’s coordination in the course of removing the lock mechanism and using the VDT to compare the arrangement of the color-coded pins and their proper sequence. This process utilizes motor responses and memorizing. An entire process of work in ergonomics not only engages the body mind and physiological aspects of a person, it also develops such aspects. Repeated coordinated activity, for example, improves on the person’s ability to carry out more than one task at the same time.  

How to start a new business venture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

How to start a new business venture - Essay Example People in modern world are more conscious about their health and the diets they take to be fit physically and be more active in their daily life. For this booming industry trend there is a great prospect for the new business venture in the fitness and healthcare industry. In this report we have a proposal for a new business venture at Mayfair in the City of Westminster as it is one of the growing regions at UK and the people nearby Mayfair region are more aware of the health and sports fitness centre compared to other regions at UK due to the presence of many clubs and hotels at nearby streets like Marshall Street Leisure Centre, Seymour Leisure Centre, Little Venice Sports Centre, Queen Mother Sports Centre, Porchester Centre etc (City of Westminster, 2011). As far as the UK Fitness Industry report by FIA, over the last few years’ regions of London has immense growth in Fitness Industry and has been forecasted to grow even more in future if people are educated with its benefi ts to their health and wellbeing (FIA, 2010). Proposed Services The new sport fitness centre should provide its customer with a variety of services. It would include first class fitness centres and some sports centres which will accommodate many types of sports like basketball, tennis, boxing etc. There should be a food and beverage area where customers can also relax during workout. Massage centre with training on fitness exercises are one vital service which should be there. A medical therapy clinic is also a modern trend in the fitness industry. Various other facilities like the conference room and the children centre, protective lockers and swimming pool are some attractive features which attract a lot of customers with the extra services they get from other fitness centres (Anything & Everything, 2011). Analysis of the market in London 7 P’s of Marketing Mix Fitness and Health industry being a service offered to the customer without any product thus the extended marketin g mix is to be used i.e. 7P’s of marketing mix. In order to formulate the right marketing mix the company needs to evaluate all the segments and work in the improvements of the each segment to compete with the other players of the market (Gupta, 2006, p.22). Product The product mix is the range of products that are available with the company. It may be broaden with different services or it can also be extended in order to fit the market scenario. The services of the fitness centre located near Mayfair road in the city of Westminster at London are very advanced with many facilities like swimming pool, recreation centre, modern equipments, therapy clinic etc. Thus to survive in this competitive environment the new business venture of fitness centre should also posses the existing services along with some added new differential services (Nargundkar, 2006, p.46). Place Place is one of the most vital factors which needed to be considered while placing the product or services. The place determines the cost of transportation of materials, scope of new customers. If the right service is properly placed at the right time at the right place then it will be best accepted by the customers. UK being a very flourishing country for the fitness industry especially in London the people is very aware of the services provided by the different fitness centres and since there are no fitness centres located at proper

What are the main differences between hypothetical and categorical Essay

What are the main differences between hypothetical and categorical imperatives - Essay Example In reference to Immanuel Kant’s work, both hypothetical and categorical imperatives have been immensely and clearly differentiated. To start with, hypothetical imperatives are considered as instructions which direct one to act in a certain manner or way so as to achieve a desired result. For instance, if one considers owning an expensive car, then he or she must search for a good paying job to contribute in coming up with the funds. In most instances, hypothetical imperatives apply to individuals who wish to achieve the results. On the other hand, categorical imperatives are instructions which direct individuals on what to do irrespective of one’s desires. In other words, they are referred to as commands since one is left with no option but to act accordingly, an example: Though shall not murder. The results are normally good and of upright morals. Kant (vi) claims that the moral law can only be expressed in the form of a categorical imperative due to the fact that it is imposed by the reason itself but not externally. He also states that the moral law applies universally and should therefore have standard ordering principle in which everyone is expected to observe. Kant is therefore right because, when the moral law is expressed in terms of comparative imperative then the society at large works harmoniously and each member acts as a law unto himself. This then becomes an ideal place for a morally upright community. Q 2: How does Kant explain the difference between perfect and imperfect duties According to Kant, would it be permissible to tell a lie if the lie might save someone's life Explain Kant's position on this and whether or not you agree. According to the ground work by Kant (103), he focuses on two types of duties which include perfect and imperfect. Kant looks at perfect duties as the actions which when evaluated according to the first maxim, they bring about innate contradictions. To state it in clear terms, they are actions that produce innate contradictions when they are reasonably applied as worldwide laws. For instance, murder would be considered as a perfect duty since if murder was to be applied as a world wide law it would eventually lead to an inherent contradiction. Since murder cannot be rationally applied as a universal law, it is therefore not permissible under the first maxim. On the other hand, imperfect duties involve various acts that when evaluated according to the first maxim or when they are reasonably applied as universal laws; they do not bring about any inherent contradictions (Kant 104). According to Kant, lying is considered as an imperfect duty since if it were applied as a universal law, it would not raise any inherent contradiction. Lying is therefore not allowed under the first maxim despite its application as a universal law. In reference to Kant, it would therefore not be permissible to tell a lie even if it would save someone's life. In my opinion, a lie which would save someone's life is necessary since one will have played a role in saving a life which is very critical. However, lying should not be used as a form of defense or for purposes of obtaining favor. Q 3: People in distress often make "false promises" in order to alleviate their situation. According to Kant, is such action in accordance with the moral law or not Paying particular attention to his understanding of the categorical imperative and what it prescribes, explain Kant's position on this. Do you agree with Kant Why or why not According to Kant, making of false promises so as to alleviate one's situation is not in accordance with the moral law since it rests on a maxim that can be comprehensibly universalized. The moral rules normally require telling the truth and keeping of promises, therefore making of false p

Retail Management Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Retail Management Report - Essay Example The growing interest in Chinese and oriental culture including food has spawned a new era of Chinese/ oriental restaurants. China China is a restaurant that wants to offer Chinese cuisine to customers and therefore needs information about the sub industry on a variety of retail aspects. This retail audit will use collected data from a survey on Mandarin restaurant to propose effective marketing methods for China China Chinese restaurant based on the gathered social information. The recommendations will entail decisions on segmentation, location, product ranges, pricing, ambience at the restaurant, customer service, employees, and the necessary work force, a budget, and how the business is sustainable. The recommendations will also cover communications; and thereafter draw a conclusion based on the survey Company background China China is a restaurant business with the intention of establishing in the city of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. The company is entering into a fast growing retail ind ustry of Oriental and Chinese cuisine, which is becoming very popular. The owner of the business is a local with an eye for restaurant investments and no prior experience in Chinese restaurant cuisine. ... Objectives of the research The aims of this research is to establish the demographic trends for oriental Chinese cuisine customers, the nationalities frequenting these restaurants, the foods these customers prefer, what they spend on an average meal at a Chinese restaurant, frequency of visit to these restaurants, other Chinese restaurants they prefer and their overall satisfaction levels in terms of convenience, location and service. This information will be used to review the strengths of the sector, inherent weaknesses and threats, and how the market is segmented. This information will then be used to make recommendations and conclusions as regards pricing, advertising and promotion, merchandising, customer service, product offering, the sustainability if the business, where it should be located and the best regime for pricing. It will also recommend on what customer segments to target as customers; with justifications based on the research Research methodology The research was ap proached by utilizing a pragmatic research approach using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. A survey questionnaire was prepared taking into consideration the research objectives and sample size was decided by randomly selecting respondents. Random sampling was used because it gives every potential respondent a chance to be selected and ensures the data collected is not biased and therefore provides information that is fully representative of the population, contends Bradley (2007) The retail audit Market A market is the group of organizations or consumers that are interested in a product, are allowed by law or regulations to acquire the product, and are able to afford the product or